Study Design

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What is a matched pairs experiment?

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A matched pairs experiment is a type of experimental design where participants are paired based on certain characteristics, and each pair is assigned to different treatments. This helps control for variables that could affect the outcome.

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What defines an experiment in research?

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An experiment is a study in which the researcher manipulates one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

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How do you randomly select a sample from a population?

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To randomly select a sample, assign numbers to each member of the population, use a random number generator or table to select numbers, and include those corresponding members in your sample.

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What is a response variable (RV)?

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A response variable (RV) is the outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment or study, which is influenced by the independent variable.

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What is a cluster random sample?

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A cluster random sample is a sampling method where the population is divided into clusters (often geographically), and entire clusters are randomly selected for the study.

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What is the difference between observational studies and experiments?

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Observational studies involve observing subjects without manipulation, while experiments involve the researcher actively manipulating variables to determine effects.

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What is stratified random sampling?

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Stratified random sampling is a method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) based on shared characteristics, and random samples are taken from each stratum.

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What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment helps ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, which minimizes bias and helps establish causality.

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What is the independent variable in a study?

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The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is a simple random sample?

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A simple random sample is a sampling method where every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring that the sample is representative.