Unit 2: Evolution Test

Front

What is the bottleneck effect?

Back

A change in allele frequency that follows a dramatic reduction in population size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.

Front

What is binomial nomenclature?

Back

A naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus that gives each species a two-part scientific name.

Front

What type of natural selection keeps the most common clutch size at four eggs in robins?

Back

Stabilizing Selection, which favors intermediate traits and reduces variation.

Front

What are fossils?

Back

Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms that provide evidence of past life.

Front

What characterizes a mass extinction?

Back

Species go extinct because their environment no longer supports them, drastically altering ecosystems.

Front

What is genetic drift?

Back

A mechanism of evolution that involves random changes in allele frequencies in a population.

Front

What is the founder effect?

Back

A phenomenon that occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to reduced genetic variation.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is adaptation?

Back

A trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.

Front

What is variation in a population?

Back

Differences in traits among individuals in a population, which can lead to natural selection.