AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.1*: Enzyme Structure

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a reaction?

Back

The enzyme remains unchanged and can be used again for subsequent reactions.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region on the enzyme where the substrate binds.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzyme activity?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule that an enzyme acts upon.

Front

How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzymes have optimal temperature and pH ranges; deviations can lead to decreased activity or denaturation.

Front

What is enzyme specificity?

Back

Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to select and bind to a specific substrate.

Front

What is the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibition?

Back

Competitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site, while non-competitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to a different site, altering enzyme function.

Front

What is the significance of enzyme cofactors and coenzymes?

Back

Cofactors and coenzymes are non-protein molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions.

Front

What is the effect of enzyme concentration on reaction rate?

Back

Increasing enzyme concentration generally increases the reaction rate, provided substrate is available.

Front

What is the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity?

Back

Increasing substrate concentration increases the reaction rate until the enzyme becomes saturated.