Unit 1 Exam

Front

What organelle contains enzymes and is responsible for breaking down waste materials in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes

Front

What are proteins that are important in binding cells to other cells or to the extracellular matrix?

Back

Adhesion proteins

Front

Explain the concept of surface area to volume ratio in relation to cell size limitations.

Back

The surface area to volume ratio decreases as the cell size increases, leading to limitations in the exchange of materials with the environment.

Front

What type of cellular process involves the activity of vesicles?

Back

Exocytosis

Front

What type of solution is a cell in if it is in a hypertonic solution?

Back

The cell is in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions?

Back

Hypotonic: lower solute concentration outside the cell; Hypertonic: higher solute concentration outside the cell; Isotonic: equal solute concentration inside and outside the cell.