The Federal Judiciary

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What is the term for the Supreme Court's ability to declare laws constitutional or unconstitutional?

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judicial review

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A higher court has the ability to rehear a case from a lower court.

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appellate jurisdiction

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SCOTUS case that resulted in judicial review.

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Marbury v. Madison

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SCOTUS case that allowed citizens to sue a different state in federal court.

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Chisholm v. Georgia

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Amendment that overturned Chisholm v. Georgia.

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11th

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Courts where federal cases begin.

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trial courts

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Can NOT be heard by Federal District Courts: civil cases between people of different states of at least $75,000, civil cases between people of the same state of at least $75,000, federal criminal cases, cases involving the constitutionality of a law or executive order

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civil cases between people of the same state of at least $75,000

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A court rules the same way on future cases dealing with a similar issue to ensure predictability in the judicial system.

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stare decisis

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A brief is filed by a person or party that is not part of the trial, but wish to provide assistance and information to one of the official parties.

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amicus curiae

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A justice disagrees with the ruling of the SCOTUS for different legal reasoning.

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dissenting opinion