AP Biology - Unit 4 Review

Front

What is the role of cyclin in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin interacts with cyclin-dependent kinase (CdK) to initiate the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.

Front

What is a consequence of a mutation in the extracellular domain of a transmembrane receptor protein?

Back

The molecule that normally binds to protein A will no longer attach, deactivating the cellular response.

Front

What happens to a cell that undergoes mitosis without cytokinesis?

Back

The resulting cell will have more than one nucleus.

Front

What processes occur during the transduction phase of a signaling pathway?

Back

Protein modification, second messenger production, amplification, and phosphorylation cascades.

Front

What is the primary purpose of mitosis?

Back

To ensure genetic material is properly transferred to daughter cells.

Front

Define signal transduction.

Back

The process by which a cell responds to external signals through a series of molecular events.

Front

What is the function of a ligand in cell signaling?

Back

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor, initiating a cellular response.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?

Back

Mitosis is the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.

Front

What is a phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A series of events where one protein kinase activates another, leading to a rapid amplification of the signal.

Front

What is the significance of second messengers in cell signaling?

Back

Second messengers amplify the signal and help propagate the response within the cell.