Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, outlining the processes of transcription and translation.

Front

What part of the DNA nucleotide codes for the protein?

Back

The nitrogen base sequence.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is RNA polymerase?

Back

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during the process of transcription.

Front

How many different amino acids are there?

Back

There are 20 different amino acids.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.