24-25 Biology Exam 2 Flashcardizz

Front

What type of energy is needed for cellular respiration?

Back

Chemical energy is required for cellular respiration as it is used to convert glucose into ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

Front

What is an internal factor that affects gene expression?

Back

Hormones are internal factors that can influence gene expression by binding to specific receptors and initiating a response that alters the transcription of genes.

Front

What causes differing cell types in an organism?

Back

Differing cell types are due to gene expression, where specific genes are turned on or off in different cells, leading to varied functions and characteristics.

Front

What is the genotype of parents with Type A blood if they produced a child with Type O?

Back

The genotype of the parents must be AO, as they can pass on the O allele to produce a Type O child.

Front

What type of mutation occurs when a DNA strand changes from AATCGCGTA to AATCGGCGTA?

Back

This is an insertion mutation, where an extra nucleotide (G) has been added to the DNA sequence.

Front

Define cellular respiration.

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins, which determine the traits of an organism.

Front

What role do hormones play in gene expression?

Back

Hormones can act as signaling molecules that bind to receptors and influence the transcription of specific genes, thereby regulating gene expression.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype is the observable physical and functional traits resulting from the genotype.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to alterations in gene function and can be caused by various factors, including environmental influences.