Fall Semester Final NL

Front

What is the role of mRNA in transcription?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is responsible for copying the DNA and bringing the genetic information out of the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process called where mRNA is translated into an amino acid chain?

Back

Translation is the process where mRNA is read by ribosomes to synthesize a chain of amino acids, forming proteins.

Front

Where are chromosomes located in a cell?

Back

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

What do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have in common?

Back

Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane.

Front

What suffix do enzymes typically end with?

Back

Enzymes typically end with the suffix -ase.

Front

Define transcription in the context of genetics.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information needed for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus and are generally simpler in structure.

Front

What is the significance of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into polypeptide chains.