Unit 3 SS7H Study Guide

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What is the term for a system of acquiring colonies to provide raw materials for a stronger colony?

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Imperialism

Answer explanation

Imperialism is the correct term for a system of acquiring colonies to provide raw materials for a stronger colony. It involves extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, often to exploit resources and markets in the weaker territories.

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In what way did the partitioning of Africa by European nations cause lasting civil and regional conflicts in modern Africa?

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Partitions ignored existing ethnic and political boundaries between African nations.

Answer explanation

The partitioning of Africa by European nations caused lasting civil and regional conflicts in modern Africa because the partitions ignored existing ethnic and political boundaries between African nations. This led to the creation of artificial borders that grouped together different ethnic groups, often with conflicting interests, resulting in tensions and conflicts that persist to this day.

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By the early twenty-first century, the majority of national borders in Africa were determined by

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former colonial claims of European countries.

Answer explanation

By the early twenty-first century, the majority of national borders in Africa were determined by former colonial claims of European countries. During the colonial era, European powers divided Africa, drawing borders that often disregarded precolonial territories and natural features. These borders have largely persisted, shaping the modern political landscape of the continent.

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The initial growth of Pan-African sentiments was a reaction to: the suppression of African culture and development through colonialism.

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the suppression of African culture and development through colonialism.

Answer explanation

The initial growth of Pan-African sentiments was a reaction to the suppression of African culture and development through colonialism. This is because colonial powers often imposed their own culture and values on African societies, hindering their growth and development. As a result, Pan-Africanism emerged as a movement to promote unity and self-determination among African nations.

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What ideal, on which the African Union is based, does this excerpt illustrate?

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Pan-Africanism

Answer explanation

The ideal illustrated in the question is Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a political and cultural movement that seeks to unite and uplift people of African descent. It emphasizes the shared history, culture, and struggles of African people and promotes solidarity among them. This ideal is the foundation of the African Union, which aims to foster unity and cooperation among African countries.

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Why did Nelson Mandela join the African National Congress (ANC)?

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because the ANC wanted to end prejudicial government policies based on race

Answer explanation

Nelson Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) because the organization aimed to end prejudicial government policies based on race. The ANC's primary goal was to dismantle apartheid and establish a non-racial, democratic South Africa, which aligned with Mandela's beliefs and aspirations for his country.

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How did the South African government respond to Nelson Mandela's work to end apartheid?

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The government imprisoned Mandela and banned his political party.

Answer explanation

In response to Nelson Mandela's work to end apartheid, the South African government took a repressive approach. They imprisoned Mandela for 27 years and banned his political party, the African National Congress (ANC). This action aimed to suppress the anti-apartheid movement and silence Mandela's influential voice.

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What is an apartheid system, such as the one that existed in South Africa from 1948 to 1991?

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a system of laws that enforces racial segregation and discrimination

Answer explanation

An apartheid system, like the one in South Africa from 1948 to 1991, is a system of laws that enforces racial segregation and discrimination. It is not a system for equal distribution of wealth. The apartheid system in South Africa was characterized by the separation of different racial groups and the implementation of discriminatory policies against non-white populations.

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Nelson Mandela and F.W. De Klerk both received the Nobel Peace Prize because

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they worked together to abolish apartheid.

Answer explanation

Nelson Mandela and F.W. De Klerk were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize because they worked together to abolish apartheid in South Africa. Mandela, as the leader of the African National Congress, and De Klerk, as the South African president, engaged in negotiations that led to the dismantling of the apartheid system and the establishment of a multiracial democracy.

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How did the Berlin Conference of 1884 cause conflicts in Africa that continue to the modern day?

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The conference ignored existing boundaries when creating colonies, leading to territorial disputes after decolonization.

Answer explanation

The Berlin Conference of 1884 led to conflicts in Africa that persist to this day because it ignored existing boundaries when creating colonies. This disregard for traditional territories resulted in disputes after decolonization, as newly independent African countries struggled to establish their borders and maintain stability.