Periodic Table

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What is the Periodic Table?

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A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number, where elements with similar properties are grouped together.

Front

What is an element?

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A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, consisting of atoms with the same number of protons.

Front

What does 'group' mean in the context of the Periodic Table?

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A vertical column in the Periodic Table that contains elements with similar chemical properties.

Front

What does 'period' mean in the context of the Periodic Table?

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A horizontal row in the Periodic Table that indicates the number of electron shells in the elements.

Front

What is the atomic number?

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

Front

What is the significance of group 18 in the Periodic Table?

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Group 18 contains noble gases, which are known for their lack of reactivity due to having a full valence shell.

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What is the significance of group 2 in the Periodic Table?

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Group 2 contains alkaline earth metals, which are reactive metals that have two electrons in their outer shell.

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What is the difference between metals and nonmetals?

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Metals are typically shiny, conductive, and malleable, while nonmetals are usually dull, insulative, and brittle.

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What is a chemical symbol?

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A one or two-letter abbreviation used to represent an element, such as H for hydrogen or O for oxygen.

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What is the role of valence electrons?

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Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are involved in chemical bonding.