Physics Ch 06 Work and Energy 2024

Front

What is the principle of conservation of mechanical energy?

Back

In an isolated system, the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant if only conservative forces are acting.

Front

Define kinetic energy.

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

Define potential energy.

Back

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration, commonly gravitational potential energy, calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

What happens to kinetic energy when an object comes to a stop?

Back

The kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy, primarily thermal energy due to friction, and some may be converted to sound energy.

Front

How is work defined in physics?

Back

Work is defined as the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance, calculated as W = Fd cos(θ), where F is the force, d is the distance, and θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

Front

What is the formula for calculating work done on an object?

Back

W = Fd cos(θ), where W is work, F is the force applied, d is the distance moved, and θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

Front

What is an isolated system in terms of energy?

Back

An isolated system is one where no external forces or energy transfers occur, meaning the total energy within the system remains constant.

Front

How do you calculate the work done to change the speed of an object?

Back

The work done can be calculated using the change in kinetic energy: W = KE_final - KE_initial.

Front

What is the relationship between work and energy?

Back

Work is a means of transferring energy from one system to another; doing work on an object increases its energy.

Front

What is gravitational potential energy?

Back

Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its height above the ground, calculated as PE = mgh.