Unit 1 - LTU Biology

Front

What is the structure of an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid consists of a central carbon atom, an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group (side chain) that determines the specific properties of the amino acid.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution is one that has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution, leading to the potential for water to enter cells, causing them to swell.

Front

What are the elements that make up carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in a ratio of 1:2:1.

Front

What is glycogen and its function?

Back

Glycogen is a polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, primarily found in the liver and muscles.

Front

What is the role of the amino group in amino acids?

Back

The amino group (NH2) is essential for the formation of proteins, as it participates in peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between hypertonic and hypotonic solutions?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution, while a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solute.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for cellular processes and serve as structural components in cells.

Front

What is the significance of the R group in amino acids?

Back

The R group, or side chain, determines the unique characteristics and properties of each amino acid, influencing protein structure and function.

Front

What is the process of dehydration synthesis?

Back

Dehydration synthesis is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of water to form a bond between two molecules, commonly seen in the formation of polymers from monomers.

Front

What is the difference between starch and glycogen?

Back

Starch is a storage form of energy in plants, while glycogen is a storage form of energy in animals, with glycogen being more highly branched than starch.