AP Biology Unit 2 Review

Front

Facilitated diffusion involves which type of proteins?

Back

Channel proteins are used in facilitated diffusion to allow specific molecules to pass through the cell membrane.

Front

What is the hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane?

Back

The hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane refers to the phosphate heads of phospholipids that are attracted to water.

Front

What type of movement across cell membranes is inhibited if ATP breakdown is inhibited?

Back

The passage of a solute against its concentration gradient is inhibited when ATP breakdown is inhibited.

Front

Where are proteins like CFTR modified, packaged, and sorted after synthesis?

Back

Proteins like CFTR are modified, packaged, and sorted in the Golgi Bodies.

Front

What happens to a saltwater snail's cells when placed in freshwater?

Back

The cells of a saltwater snail will swell when placed in freshwater due to osmosis.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

Back

Carrier proteins bind to specific molecules and change shape to transport them across the cell membrane.

Front

Explain the difference between passive and active transport.

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the function of aquaporins?

Back

Aquaporins are channel proteins that facilitate the rapid transport of water across cell membranes.

Front

What is the significance of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

Back

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and initial folding of proteins destined for secretion or for use in the cell membrane.