Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, representing the alleles inherited from both parents.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

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What is a dominant trait?

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A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait?

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A recessive trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present.

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What is a Punnett Square?

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A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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What is the expected phenotypic ratio from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt) for a dominant trait?

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The expected phenotypic ratio is 3 tall : 1 short.

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What is the expected genotypic ratio from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt)?

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The expected genotypic ratio is 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt.