AP BIO - Cell Communication Exam Review

Front

What are the three parts of a signal transduction pathway?

Back

Reception, Transduction, Response

Front

What happens when a toxin destroys adenylyl cyclase in a cell?

Back

The transduction step will be inhibited, resulting in a smaller or absent cell response.

Front

Which of the following is NOT a response by the cell from a signal transduction pathway?

Back

All of the above are responses.

Front

What is the role of phosphatases in signal transduction pathways?

Back

To terminate the signal by removing phosphate groups.

Front

What is an example of a second messenger?

Back

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).

Front

Define signal transduction.

Back

The process by which a cell responds to external signals through a series of molecular events.

Front

What is the function of a receptor in cell communication?

Back

To bind to signaling molecules (ligands) and initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is the difference between first messengers and second messengers?

Back

First messengers are external signaling molecules, while second messengers are internal molecules that relay signals within the cell.

Front

What is the significance of amplification in signal transduction?

Back

Amplification allows a small signal to produce a large cellular response.

Front

What role do G-proteins play in signal transduction?

Back

G-proteins act as molecular switches that relay signals from receptors to target proteins.