Biology Midterm Review 2023

Front

What is the general term for compounds that contain carbon?

Back

Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon, which are essential for life and include molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Front

What are enzymes an example of?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

Front

What happens in a hypotonic cell?

Back

In a hypotonic cell, the salt concentration is high outside the cell, causing water to enter the cell, which may lead to swelling or bursting.

Front

If 10% of a DNA sample is made up of cytosine, what percentage is made up of thymine?

Back

If 10% of a DNA sample is cytosine, then 40% is thymine, as DNA pairs cytosine with guanine and thymine with adenine.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which link together to form polypeptides and proteins.

Front

What is a hydrocarbon?

Back

A hydrocarbon is a compound made up entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms, commonly found in fuels.

Front

What is the role of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates serve as a primary energy source and are also important for structural components in cells.

Front

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds, affecting their physical state.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.