AP BIO UNIT 3

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region on an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What is competitive inhibition?

Back

Competitive inhibition occurs when a substance competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme, preventing the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction.

Front

What is allosteric control in enzymes?

Back

Allosteric control refers to the regulation of an enzyme's activity through the binding of an effector molecule at a site other than the active site, causing a change in the enzyme's shape.

Front

How do enzymes affect activation energy?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzymes?

Back

A substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts, binding to the enzyme's active site to undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What is the difference between an enzyme and a substrate?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions, while a substrate is the reactant that the enzyme acts upon.

Front

What happens when an enzyme is denatured?

Back

When an enzyme is denatured, its three-dimensional structure is altered, rendering it inactive and unable to bind to its substrate.

Front

What is the role of cofactors in enzyme activity?

Back

Cofactors are non-protein molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions, often by stabilizing the enzyme-substrate complex.

Front

What is an enzyme's optimum condition?

Back

An enzyme's optimum condition refers to the specific temperature and pH at which it functions most effectively.

Front

What is the induced fit model of enzyme action?

Back

The induced fit model suggests that the active site of an enzyme changes shape to better fit the substrate upon binding.