Rocks and Minerals

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Rock changed by heat and pressure

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Metamorphic rock is formed when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure, causing physical and chemical changes.

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Rock formed from loose material

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Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles.

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Igneous rock formed underground

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Intrusive igneous rock is formed from magma that cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface.

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Rock formed from molten material

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Igneous rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material (magma or lava).

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How light passes through a mineral (opaque, translucent, transparent)

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Light interaction refers to how light behaves when it encounters a mineral, determining if it is opaque (no light passes), translucent (some light passes), or transparent (light passes freely).

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Definition of igneous rock

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Igneous rock is a type of rock that forms from the solidification of molten material.

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Definition of sedimentary rock

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Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of sediments, which can include minerals, organic matter, and fragments of other rocks.

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Definition of metamorphic rock

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Metamorphic rock is formed from existing rocks that have been transformed by heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.

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Examples of igneous rocks

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Examples include granite (intrusive) and basalt (extrusive).

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Examples of sedimentary rocks

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Examples include sandstone, limestone, and shale.