Evolution and Natural Selection

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What is an analogous structure?

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Structures that have the same function but different forms or structures, indicating convergent evolution.

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What is a homologous structure?

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Structures that have a similar form but may serve different functions, indicating common ancestry.

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What is a vestigial structure?

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A structure that has lost most or all of its original function through the course of evolution.

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What is adaptation in the context of evolution?

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Any alteration in a structure or function that allows an organism to be better suited for its environment.

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What does variation refer to in biology?

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Genetic differences between organisms of the same species.

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What is natural selection?

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The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is the significance of fossils in understanding evolution?

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Fossils provide evidence of past life forms and their changes over time, helping to trace the evolution of species.

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What is the role of DNA in evolution?

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DNA carries genetic information that can mutate and lead to variations, which are essential for natural selection.

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What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?

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Microevolution refers to small-scale changes within a species, while macroevolution refers to large-scale changes that can lead to the emergence of new species.

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What is speciation?

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The process by which new species arise from existing species, often due to genetic divergence.