2024 Fall Semester Exam Review part 3

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

A substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts in a biochemical reaction.

Front

What is the primary benefit of using weakened viruses in vaccines?

Back

The immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies against the virus.

Front

How do enzymes affect chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for the reaction, making it easier for the reaction to occur.

Front

Where does photosynthesis take place in plant cells?

Back

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Front

Which two biomolecules are essential for muscle growth and energy levels?

Back

Proteins and carbohydrates are essential for muscle growth and energy levels.

Front

What is the role of an enzyme's active site?

Back

The active site is the region on the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What is the function of antibodies in the immune system?

Back

Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

Front

What is the difference between a product and a substrate in a chemical reaction?

Back

A substrate is the starting material that undergoes a reaction, while a product is the substance formed as a result of the reaction.

Front

What is the significance of lowering activation energy in biochemical reactions?

Back

Lowering activation energy increases the rate of the reaction, allowing it to occur more quickly and efficiently.

Front

What are the main components of a vaccine?

Back

Vaccines typically contain weakened or inactivated pathogens, adjuvants, and stabilizers to enhance the immune response.