2024 REVIEW

Front

What is the percent saturation of fetal hemoglobin compared to maternal hemoglobin at 40 mm Hg?

Back

The predicted difference in the percent saturation of fetal hemoglobin and maternal hemoglobin at 40 mm Hg is approximately 12.

Front

How does insulin leave the cell?

Back

Insulin leaves the cell when a vesicle containing insulin fuses with the plasma membrane, enabling exocytosis of insulin.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process where a membrane protein binds a specific molecule on the inside of the cell and moves it to an area of lower concentration on the outside of the cell.

Front

What role does cholinesterase play in the hydrolysis of acetylcholine?

Back

Cholinesterase catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine by breaking covalent bonds within acetylcholine through the addition of a water molecule.

Front

What is the relationship between net and gross rates of photosynthesis at high CO₂ concentration?

Back

The net rate of photosynthesis is less than the gross rate of photosynthesis at high concentrations of CO₂.

Front

Define facilitated diffusion.

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process by which molecules move across a cell membrane through protein channels without the use of energy.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels materials in vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Front

Explain the concept of hypotonic solution.

Back

A hypotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is lower outside the cell than inside, causing the cell to swell as water moves in.

Front

What is the function of a transport protein in active transport?

Back

A transport protein in active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

Describe the process of photosynthesis.

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.