Neural Anatomy and Action Potential

Front

What is resting potential in neurons?

Back

Resting potential is the electrical charge difference across the neuronal membrane when the neuron is not actively transmitting a signal, typically around -70mV, with more Na+ ions outside the cell.

Front

What happens during depolarization?

Back

During depolarization, sodium channels open, allowing Na+ ions to flow into the neuron, causing the inside of the cell to become more positive.

Front

What is repolarization?

Back

Repolarization is the process that restores the membrane potential to its resting state after depolarization, primarily through the opening of potassium channels and the exit of K+ ions.

Front

What ions are primarily involved in generating an action potential?

Back

Potassium (K+) and Sodium (Na+) ions are primarily involved in generating an action potential.

Front

What is the role of sodium channels in action potential?

Back

Sodium channels open during depolarization, allowing Na+ ions to enter the neuron, which is crucial for the initiation of an action potential.

Front

What is the role of potassium channels in action potential?

Back

Potassium channels open during repolarization, allowing K+ ions to exit the neuron, which helps return the membrane potential to its resting state.

Front

What is hyperpolarization?

Back

Hyperpolarization is a phase where the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential, often due to excessive K+ ion exit.

Front

What is the refractory period?

Back

The refractory period is the time following an action potential during which a neuron is less responsive to stimuli, ensuring unidirectional signal propagation.

Front

What is the significance of the action potential graph?

Back

The action potential graph illustrates the changes in membrane potential over time, showing phases of depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization.

Front

What occurs at the peak of the action potential?

Back

At the peak of the action potential, sodium channels close, and potassium channels begin to open, marking the transition to repolarization.