genetic engineering

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What is genetic engineering?

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Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology, allowing for the alteration of DNA to achieve desired traits.

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is any change or mistake in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits, and may cause diseases or cancer.

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What is gene therapy?

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Gene therapy is the process of inserting normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders.

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What is cloning?

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Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or gene.

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Why is Dolly the sheep significant in genetic engineering?

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Dolly the sheep is significant because she was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, demonstrating the potential of cloning technology.

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What are restriction enzymes?

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Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing scientists to manipulate DNA for various applications.

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What is gel electrophoresis?

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Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory method used to separate DNA fragments based on their size, allowing for analysis and comparison of genetic material.

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What is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

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PCR is a technique used to amplify small segments of DNA, making millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence.

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What is the purpose of using gel electrophoresis in DNA analysis?

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The primary purpose of using gel electrophoresis is to separate DNA fragments for testing and comparison.

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What is a transgenic organism?

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A transgenic organism is one that has been genetically modified to contain genes from another species.