Genetics Review

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What is incomplete dominance?

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A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype that is a blend of the two traits.

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What is codominance?

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A genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

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What is a carrier in genetics?

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An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele that does not manifest in their phenotype but can be passed to offspring.

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What is an allele?

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A version of a gene that may produce distinguishable traits in an organism.

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What does homozygous dominant mean?

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An organism that has two identical dominant alleles for a particular trait (e.g., TT).

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What does homozygous recessive mean?

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An organism that has two identical recessive alleles for a particular trait (e.g., tt).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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An organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait (e.g., Tt).

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What is a genotype?

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The genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles they possess.

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What is a phenotype?

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The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is a trait?

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A specific characteristic of an organism, which can be influenced by genes and the environment.