DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

Why does DNA replicate?

Back

To create another copy for the new cell.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

The basic building blocks of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of DNA Polymerase?

Back

An enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the first step in DNA replication?

Back

The double helix unwinds and straightens.

Front

What happens after the hydrogen bonds between base pairs break?

Back

The two strands of DNA separate, allowing access to the individual bases.

Front

What is the significance of free nucleotides in DNA replication?

Back

Free nucleotides are the building blocks that pair with the exposed bases on the template strand to form a new DNA strand.

Front

What is the order of events in DNA replication?

Back

1. Straightens the double helix 2. Breaks hydrogen bonds 3. Adds free nucleotides 4. Recoils into a double helix.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

Back

An enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, sealing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone.