Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the organelles where protein synthesis occurs, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins.

Front

What does mRNA stand for?

Back

mRNA stands for messenger ribonucleic acid, which carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

Back

DNA contains the genetic code that determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Front

Where is DNA located in a cell?

Back

DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain to form a protein.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 different types that combine in various sequences to form proteins.