Semester 1 Final Review

Front

What is a compound?

Back

A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together. For example, water (H2O) is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen.

Front

What is the particle arrangement in a solid?

Back

In a solid, particles are closely packed together in a fixed arrangement, which gives solids a definite shape and volume.

Front

What happens to air pressure when temperature decreases?

Back

When the temperature decreases, the air pressure inside a closed container typically decreases as well, due to the reduction in kinetic energy of the air particles.

Front

What happens to the pressure inside a balloon when it is heated?

Back

The pressure inside a balloon increases when it is heated because the air particles move faster and collide more frequently with the walls of the balloon.

Front

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Back

To calculate the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass. For example, oxygen has an atomic mass of 16 and an atomic number of 8, so it has 8 neutrons (16 - 8 = 8).

Front

What is the definition of air pressure?

Back

Air pressure is the force exerted by the weight of air molecules on a surface. It decreases with altitude.

Front

What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?

Back

A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout (e.g., saltwater), while a heterogeneous mixture has a non-uniform composition (e.g., salad).

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

Front

What happens to the volume of a gas when pressure increases?

Back

According to Boyle's Law, if the pressure of a gas increases, its volume decreases, provided the temperature remains constant.

Front

What is the atomic number?

Back

The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.