Heredity & Genetics Practice Set

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA.

Front

During DNA replication, what do the original DNA strands act as?

Back

A template for creating new DNA strands.

Front

What is transcription in genetics?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is a pedigree?

Back

A diagram that shows how a trait is passed from generation to generation in a family.

Front

What do we call the pairs of chromosomes that are similar in shape and size?

Back

Homologous chromosomes.

Front

What is the significance of Gregor Mendel's work?

Back

He studied how traits are passed from parents to offspring, laying the foundation for genetics.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What is the process of translation in genetics?

Back

The process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information in mRNA.