Chemistry 1st Semester Final Review

Front

What is the mass number of an atom?

Back

The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Front

How do you calculate the mass number of chlorine with 17 protons and 19 neutrons?

Back

Mass number = Protons + Neutrons = 17 + 19 = 36.

Front

What is the electron configuration ending for an element in group 14?

Back

The electron configuration ending for an element in group 14 is ns²np².

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons in chemical bonding?

Back

Valence electrons are involved in the formation of covalent bonds.

Front

What is electron shielding?

Back

Electron shielding is the phenomenon where inner electrons decrease the attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons.

Front

Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

Back

Solid.

Front

Define valence electrons.

Back

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

What is the role of inner electrons in an atom?

Back

Inner electrons shield the valence electrons from the full charge of the nucleus.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.