Bio24-25 Semester 1 Review

Front

What is the end result of an enzyme chemical process?

Back

The end result is the product formed after the substrate has been converted by the enzyme's action.

Front

What type of cell is characterized by a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

Back

Eukaryotic cell.

Front

What is a mutation that causes protein synthesis to stop?

Back

A nonsense mutation, which introduces a premature stop codon in the mRNA.

Front

What is the role of leaves in plants?

Back

Leaves convert energy from sunlight into food for the plant through photosynthesis.

Front

How do you transcribe DNA to mRNA?

Back

Replace each DNA base with its complementary RNA base: A-U, T-A, C-G, G-C.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Front

What are the main components of a eukaryotic cell?

Back

Nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological processes?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Front

What is a substrate in enzymatic reactions?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, which is essential for their function.