Earthquakes I Flashcard Honors (1st Period) 2024

Front

What are seismic waves?

Back

Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth, typically as a result of an earthquake or other geological activity.

Front

What is the difference between P-waves and S-waves?

Back

P-waves (primary waves) are compressional waves that travel faster and can move through solids and liquids. S-waves (secondary waves) are shear waves that travel slower and can only move through solids.

Front

Why can't S-waves travel through the liquid outer core?

Back

S-waves cannot travel through the liquid outer core because they require a solid medium to propagate.

Front

What is the focus of an earthquake?

Back

The focus of an earthquake is the point within the Earth where the earthquake originates, and seismic waves radiate outward from this point.

Front

What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

Back

The epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

Front

How do you determine the distance to an earthquake epicenter using seismic waves?

Back

The distance to an earthquake epicenter can be determined by measuring the time difference between the arrival of P-waves and S-waves at a seismic station.

Front

What is a seismogram?

Back

A seismogram is a record produced by a seismograph that shows the arrival times and amplitudes of seismic waves.

Front

What is subduction in the context of plate tectonics?

Back

Subduction is the process where one tectonic plate moves under another and is forced into the mantle, often causing earthquakes.

Front

What is a transform fault?

Back

A transform fault is a type of fault where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, often causing earthquakes.

Front

What is the significance of the distribution of earthquakes near plate boundaries?

Back

The distribution of earthquakes near plate boundaries indicates areas of tectonic activity, where plates interact, leading to seismic events.