Fall Semester Biology Review

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What is a Prokaryote?

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A Prokaryote is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria.

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What is a Eukaryote?

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A Eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes. Examples include plants, animals, and fungi.

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What gas do we inhale when breathing?

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Oxygen is the gas that is inhaled during breathing.

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What is Active Transport?

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Active Transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy.

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What is Diffusion?

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Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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What is Facilitated Diffusion?

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Facilitated Diffusion is the process of passive transport of molecules across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

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What is Osmosis?

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Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

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What are complementary bases in DNA?

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Complementary bases in DNA are pairs of nitrogenous bases that bond together, specifically Adenine with Thymine and Guanine with Cytosine.

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What is the role of proteins in the body?

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Proteins are essential macromolecules that perform a variety of functions including building tissues, acting as enzymes, and supporting immune function.

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What is the function of enzymes?

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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.