Protein Synthesis Practice

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

The building blocks of proteins, which are coded for by sequences of nucleotides in DNA.

Front

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Back

Three nucleotides.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins, where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and tRNA brings the corresponding amino acids.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.