Unit 2.4: Review

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In a double-stranded DNA molecule, Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosomes.

Front

What is the role of cellular respiration in protein synthesis?

Back

Cellular respiration provides the energy required for protein synthesis by converting glucose and oxygen into ATP.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the coded mRNA sequence.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is the significance of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in protein synthesis?

Back

The nucleus houses the DNA, which contains the instructions for protein synthesis and is the site of transcription.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA?

Back

The three main types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).