UTOR Review Flashcard - Momentum

Front

What is momentum?

Back

Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, represented by the formula p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

Front

How is momentum conserved in a closed system?

Back

In a closed system, the total momentum before an event (like a collision) is equal to the total momentum after the event, provided no external forces act on the system.

Front

What is the formula for calculating change in momentum?

Back

Change in momentum (Δp) is calculated as Δp = p_final - p_initial.

Front

What is the relationship between force and momentum?

Back

The change in momentum of an object is equal to the impulse applied to it, which is the product of force and the time duration over which the force acts (FΔt = Δp).

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

How does mass affect momentum?

Back

Momentum is directly proportional to mass; as mass increases, momentum increases if velocity remains constant.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of kinetic energy?

Back

In elastic collisions, the total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision.

Front

What is thrust in the context of spacecraft?

Back

Thrust is the force that propels a spacecraft, calculated as the product of the mass flow rate of the exhaust and the exhaust velocity (Thrust = mass flow rate × exhaust velocity).

Front

What is the significance of the angle in momentum problems?

Back

The angle at which an object strikes or bounces off a surface affects the direction of its momentum, requiring vector analysis to determine changes in momentum.

Front

How do you calculate the momentum of an object?

Back

Momentum (p) is calculated using the formula p = mv, where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.