4th Study Flashcard

Front

What is the genetic basis of coat-color variation in Texas Longhorn cattle?

Back

Differences in the nucleotide sequences of genes.

Front

What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide in a DNA molecule?

Back

Phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base.

Front

What controls gene expression for enzymes in the presence of lactose?

Back

Gene expression for the enzymes was controlled by the presence of lactose.

Front

Why is the sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA important?

Back

It provides the instructions for the traits of an organism.

Front

What significant structure of DNA was revealed by Rosalind Franklin's x-ray photograph?

Back

The double-helix structure of DNA.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What role do nitrogenous bases play in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases pair with each other to form the rungs of the DNA ladder, encoding genetic information.

Front

What are the four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain during DNA replication.

Front

What is the significance of the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

Back

The sugar-phosphate backbone provides structural support and stability to the DNA molecule.