AP Bio Unit 4 Review A

Front

What are the three parts of a signal transduction pathway?

Back

Reception, transduction, response.

Front

What is synaptic signaling?

Back

The process by which a neuron releases a neurotransmitter into a synapse.

Front

What effect does blocking a secondary messenger have on a cell signaling pathway?

Back

It inhibits transduction, thus deactivating the response.

Front

What are the results of mitosis?

Back

Two identical cells that are identical to the starting cell.

Front

What is homeostasis?

Back

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment.

Front

Define reception in the context of cell signaling.

Back

The initial detection of a signaling molecule by a receptor.

Front

What role does transduction play in cell signaling?

Back

It converts the signal into a form that can bring about a cellular response.

Front

What is the difference between paracrine and autocrine signaling?

Back

Paracrine signaling affects nearby cells, while autocrine signaling affects the same cell that releases the signal.

Front

What is the function of neurotransmitters?

Back

They transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Front

Explain the concept of amplification in signal transduction.

Back

Amplification refers to the process where a small number of signaling molecules can produce a large response.