Midterm Practice Test Version 2

Front

What were the major economic differences between the North and the South before the Civil War, and how did these differences contribute to the conflict? Options: The North relied on factories, while the South depended on small family farms. The North’s economy was weaker than the South’s due to limited exports. The North industrialized while the South relied on a plantation economy, leading to clashing priorities. The North and South were equally agricultural but differed on labor systems.

Back

The North industrialized while the South relied on a plantation economy, leading to clashing priorities.

Front

What were the immediate events that led Southern states to secede from the Union?

Back

The election of Abraham Lincoln and fears of losing slavery protections.

Front

How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect the Civil War and its goals?

Back

It redefined the war’s purpose to include the abolition of slavery and deterred European support for the Confederacy.

Front

Why is the Battle of Gettysburg considered a turning point in the Civil War?

Back

It ended Lee’s Northern invasion and boosted Union morale significantly.

Front

What were the consequences of the Civil War for the United States, both politically and economically? Options: The federal government weakened, and the Southern economy recovered quickly. The U.S. transitioned from a slave-based economy to a colonial empire. Federal authority increased, slavery ended, and Southern infrastructure was devastated. The North and South reconciled without major economic reforms.

Back

Federal authority increased, slavery ended, and Southern infrastructure was devastated.

Front

What economic challenges did American farmers face in the late 19th century, and how did these challenges impact their livelihoods?

Back

Deflation, high railroad fees, and falling crop prices reduced farmer profits.

Front

How did industrial workers respond to unsafe working conditions in the late 19th century?

Back

They joined labor unions and organized strikes to demand reforms.

Front

What technological advancements most helped industrial workers increase productivity during the late 19th century?

Back

The assembly line and mechanized tools for mass production of goods.

Front

What role did the Populist Party play in representing the interests of farmers during the late 19th century?

Back

They supported bimetallism, regulated railroads, and fought for farmers’ rights.

Front

What was the significance of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, and how did it affect farmers?

Back

It required railroad rates to be fair and reasonable, reducing farmer costs.