Unit 2 review cell membrane

Front

What is a cell membrane?

Back

A cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment. It is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Front

What is the function of the lipid bilayer in the cell membrane?

Back

The lipid bilayer provides a flexible structure that acts as a barrier to most water-soluble substances, allowing selective permeability.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across the cell membrane without using energy.

Front

What does hypertonic mean?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, leading to the movement of water out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Front

What does hypotonic mean?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, leading to the movement of water into the cell, causing it to swell.

Front

What does isotonic mean?

Back

An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as another solution, resulting in no net movement of water into or out of the cell.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP) to do so.

Front

What is the role of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Proteins in the cell membrane serve various functions, including transport, acting as channels or carriers, and serving as receptors for signaling.