Protein Synthesis Flashcard Review

Front

What determines the function of a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in the protein determines its function.

Front

What does mRNA stand for?

Back

mRNA stands for messenger RNA, which carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the correct amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which codes for the amino acid Methionine.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence.

Front

What is a stop codon?

Back

A stop codon is a nucleotide triplet that signals the end of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.