AP Biology - Unit 3 Review

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What are the three main stages of cellular respiration?

Back

The three main stages are Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle), and the Electron Transport Chain.

Front

What is glycolysis and where does it occur?

Back

Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, occurring in the cytoplasm.

Front

What are the net outputs of glycolysis?

Back

2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 Pyruvate.

Front

What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?

Back

NADH carries electrons to the Electron Transport Chain, where it helps produce ATP.

Front

What is ATP and why is it important?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various cellular processes.

Front

What is the significance of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Back

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain, allowing for the production of ATP.

Front

What happens to cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen?

Back

In the absence of oxygen, cells undergo anaerobic respiration or fermentation, producing less energy.

Front

Define entropy in the context of biological systems.

Back

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system; in biological systems, it tends to increase over time.

Front

What factors can lead to enzyme denaturation?

Back

Extreme temperatures and pH changes can lead to enzyme denaturation, affecting their function.