US History Review

Front

Adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776:

Back

The Declaration of Independence

Answer explanation

The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, declaring the American colonies' separation from British rule. The other options were established later.

Front

At the Constitutional Convention, the "Virginia Plan," which had two houses of Congress, both depended upon population, was supported by who?

Back

Large States

Answer explanation

The "Virginia Plan" favored representation based on population, which benefited larger states with more people. Therefore, it was supported by Large States seeking greater influence in Congress.

Front

What was the system for filling government positions called under Andrew Jackson?

Back

Spoils System

Answer explanation

The system for filling government positions under Andrew Jackson was known as the Spoils System. This practice involved rewarding political supporters with government jobs, emphasizing loyalty over merit.

Front

Anti Federalists opposed ratification of the United States Constitution until they were assured that a bill of rights would be added to the original document to protect citizens from a tyrannical Federal government.

Back

a bill of rights would be added to the original document to protect citizens from a tyrannical Federal government

Answer explanation

Anti Federalists were concerned about the potential for a strong central government to infringe on individual liberties. They demanded a bill of rights to ensure protections against tyranny, which ultimately led to its adoption.

Front

Federalism is best defined as a principle of government that divides power between the central government and state governments

Back

divides power between the central government and state governments

Answer explanation

Federalism specifically refers to the division of power between the central government and state governments, making this the best definition. The other options describe different aspects of government structure.

Front

Slavery throughout the United States was permanently abolished by the adoption of the 13th amendment to the Constitution

Back

adoption of the 13th amendment to the Constitution

Answer explanation

Slavery was permanently abolished in the United States with the adoption of the 13th amendment to the Constitution in 1865, which explicitly prohibited slavery and involuntary servitude.

Front

Cabinet

Back

group of top executive advisers

Answer explanation

The term 'Cabinet' refers to a group of top executive advisers to the President, who assist in decision-making and policy formulation, making 'group of top executive advisers' the correct choice.

Front

precedent

Back

traditions

Answer explanation

The term 'precedent' refers to traditions or previous decisions that guide future actions. In legal contexts, precedents are established based on past rulings, making 'traditions' the correct choice.

Front

Who was the French and Indian War between?

Back

French and British

Answer explanation

The French and Indian War was primarily fought between the French and the British over territorial disputes in North America. The term 'Indian' refers to the Native American allies who supported both sides.

Front

the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, list of the basic rights of individuals.

Back

Bill of Rights

Answer explanation

The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights, which enumerate the basic rights of individuals. This distinguishes it from terms like democracy or monarchy.