24-25 Fall Semester Review

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What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).

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What is the product of transcription?

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The product of transcription is mRNA (messenger RNA).

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What are the three types of RNA?

Back

The three types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

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What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome and ensures the correct amino acid is added to the growing protein chain.

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What is the role of rRNA?

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rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a critical component of ribosomes, which are the molecular machines responsible for synthesizing proteins.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane via a transport protein, following the concentration gradient (high to low).

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What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

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Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without the need for a transport protein, while facilitated diffusion requires a transport protein.

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What are the stages of mitosis in order?

Back

The stages of mitosis in order are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

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What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the concentration gradient?

Back

The concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas, which drives the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.