Genetics Review

Front

What is the complementary mRNA strand produced from the DNA template 5' AGGTCGTAA 3'?

Back

3' UCCAGCAUU 5'

Front

What type of mutation is characterized by a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence?

Back

Substitution

Front

What is the significance of the process of meiosis in organisms?

Back

The process creates genetic variation in the resulting cells.

Front

How does mRNA differ from the DNA template strand during transcription?

Back

The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

Front

What is the probability of albinism in the offspring of a cross between two mice with AaBb alleles?

Back

4/16

Front

Define transcription in the context of genetics.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where mRNA is translated into proteins.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their traits even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their traits.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.