Biology Semester 1 Review

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What is mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

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What are the phases of mitosis?

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The phases of mitosis are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

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What occurs during Telophase?

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During Telophase, the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, and the nuclear envelope begins to reform around each set of chromosomes.

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What is a silent mutation?

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A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation occurs when one base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another base.

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What is a deletion mutation?

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A deletion mutation occurs when one or more bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

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What is a dihybrid cross?

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A dihybrid cross is a genetic cross that examines the inheritance of two different traits.

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What is the probability of inheriting a dominant trait from heterozygous parents?

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The probability of inheriting a dominant trait from heterozygous parents (Hh x Hh) is 75%.

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What is the role of DNA in determining traits?

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DNA contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of an organism, including codes for proteins.