Impulse and Momentum Problems

Front

What is impulse?

Back

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time. It is calculated as the product of the average force and the time duration over which the force acts.

Front

What is momentum?

Back

Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

Front

How is impulse related to momentum?

Back

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object. Mathematically, Impulse = ΔMomentum = Final Momentum - Initial Momentum.

Front

What is the formula for calculating impulse?

Back

Impulse (J) = Force (F) × Time (t) or J = Δp (change in momentum).

Front

If a 5 N force is applied for 2 seconds, what is the impulse?

Back

Impulse = Force × Time = 5 N × 2 s = 10 N·s.

Front

What is the formula for calculating momentum?

Back

Momentum (p) = Mass (m) × Velocity (v).

Front

A 1,200 kg car is moving at 20 m/s. What is its momentum?

Back

Momentum = Mass × Velocity = 1,200 kg × 20 m/s = 24,000 kg·m/s.

Front

What is the change in momentum if a car's velocity changes from 10 m/s to 30 m/s?

Back

Change in momentum = Final momentum - Initial momentum = (Mass × Final velocity) - (Mass × Initial velocity).

Front

How do you calculate the force exerted during a collision?

Back

Force = Impulse / Time taken.

Front

If a car crashes with an impulse of 40,000 kg·m/s over 2 seconds, what force is exerted?

Back

Force = Impulse / Time = 40,000 kg·m/s / 2 s = 20,000 N.