Genetics Flashcard 2 (Dominant/Recessive/Genotype/Phenotype)

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the combination of alleles (e.g., BB, Bb, bb).

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the physical appearance or observable traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Bb).

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype (e.g., B in Bb).

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype (e.g., bb).

Front

How are dominant alleles represented?

Back

Dominant alleles are represented by capital letters (e.g., A, B).

Front

How are recessive alleles represented?

Back

Recessive alleles are represented by lowercase letters (e.g., a, b).

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to the physical expression of traits.

Front

What is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?

Back

An example of a homozygous dominant genotype is AA.