Unit 2.1 Review

Front

What is the complementary mRNA strand of a gene segment?

Back

The complementary mRNA strand is synthesized from the DNA template strand during transcription, replacing thymine (T) with uracil (U).

Front

How many amino acids will result from the translation of the mRNA strand CUGCGGCAGGUGGUGUAG?

Back

6 amino acids.

Front

What type of mutation results in a change in one amino acid to another?

Back

Missense mutation.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unzips the DNA double helix to prepare for replication.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a type of substitution mutation where no amino acids change in the protein.

Front

Which molecule transfers amino acids to the mRNA during translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transfers amino acids to the mRNA.

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A nonsense mutation is a type of mutation that creates a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.

Front

What is the difference between a frameshift mutation and a substitution mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation alters the reading frame of the genetic code, while a substitution mutation replaces one nucleotide with another without shifting the reading frame.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.