Bio Team Benchmark Review

Front

What is the role of different cell types during the early development of an organism?

Back

Different cell types contain different parts of the original DNA, allowing them to perform specialized functions.

Front

What is the primary function of an enzyme in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes speed up the rate of biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is chitin and what role does it play in insects?

Back

Chitin is a carbohydrate that provides protection and support in the exoskeleton of insects.

Front

What is chitinase and what is its function?

Back

Chitinase is a protein that breaks down chitin for energy, particularly in insectivorous bats.

Front

How do viruses cause disease in host cells?

Back

Viruses cause disease by replicating inside the host cell and then lysing (breaking open) the cell.

Front

What are the main types of RNA and their functions?

Back

1) mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes. 2) tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis. 3) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up the structure of ribosomes.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is the significance of gene expression in cell differentiation?

Back

Gene expression allows different cell types to develop by activating specific genes at different times.

Front

What is the process of lysing in the context of viral infection?

Back

Lysing refers to the breaking open of a host cell after a virus has replicated inside it, releasing new viral particles.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

Back

Enzymes facilitate and regulate metabolic pathways by lowering the activation energy required for reactions.